Acute kidney failure in the time of COVID-19: guidelines for its management.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62452/j3zmqq92Keywords:
Renal system affections, pandemic, comorbiditiesAbstract
The COVID-19 disease represents a global challenge with significant impacts on public health. Beyond its primary respiratory manifestations, evidence has shown its potential to damage multiple organs, including the kidneys, which can lead to acute kidney injury. The pathogenesis of this renal involvement in infected patients encompasses direct pathways. The purpose of this research was to establish a procedure for identifying the most effective therapies to manage kidney injury in individuals with COVID-19. An observational study was conducted, supplemented by a literature review in platforms such as Google Scholar, SciELO, and PubMed, following the PRISMA methodology. A retrospective comparative analysis was performed between patients with general acute kidney injury (AKI) and those with AKI induced by COVID-19. The results highlight the importance of a holistic approach that incorporates fluid rehydration, adjusted administration of diuretics, inflammation management with corticosteroids, anticoagulant prophylaxis, and selective antibiotics. Patients with COVID-19-associated AKI exhibit a higher number of comorbidities and longer stays in the intensive care unit (ICU) compared to those with general AKI. In critical scenarios, renal replacement therapy is recommended to improve survival rates and prevent progression to chronic kidney disease. Managing acute kidney injury in the context of COVID-19 requires a personalized strategy supported by scientific evidence. Early detection and the implementation of a robust therapeutic protocol can optimize clinical outcomes and reduce mortality associated with this complication.
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