Policy on the Use of Artificial Intelligence

The journal adheres to the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Authors are fully responsible for any content generated by AI, including images. Accordingly, they must declare whether they have used AI-assisted technologies, such as Large Language Models (LLM), chatbots, or image generators, during the preparation of the manuscript. It is important to note that chatbots, such as ChatGPT, cannot be listed as authors, since they cannot be held accountable for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the submitted work. The journal reserves the right to verify the use of AI and to reject manuscripts that fail to comply with ethical and originality standards.

Levels of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use in Manuscripts

Minimal use (0–10%)

  • Description: AI is employed only as a support tool, for example, for synonym suggestions, grammar correction, or minor stylistic adjustments.
  • Action: Disclosure is not mandatory, although it is recommended to mention it for the sake of transparency.

Moderate use (11–20%)

  • Description: AI is used to generate or reformulate specific sections of the manuscript, such as the abstract or introduction.
  • Action: Its use must be reported in the Methods section, indicating the tools used and the type of contribution made.

Significant use (21–40%)

  • Description: AI makes a substantial contribution to the writing of several sections of the manuscript.
  • Action: Its use must be clearly disclosed and justified in the Methods section. In addition, authors must include a responsibility statement regarding the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the AI-generated content.

Extensive use (41–59%)

  • Description: AI is involved in drafting the majority of the manuscript.
  • Action: Its use must be explicitly declared and justified in the Methods section. The manuscript will be subject to additional editorial review to verify scientific integrity and originality of the content.

Full use (>60%)

  • Description: AI is employed as the main contributor to the manuscript’s writing.
  • Action: This is not recommended. Manuscripts showing this level of AI dependency will be rejected without peer review.