Advances in Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and therapeutic strategies: an integrative review of current evidence.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62452/3gxw6744Keywords:
Alzheimer's disease, early diagnosis, biomarkers, disease-modifying therapies, precision medicine, neuroimagingAbstract
Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia worldwide and represents one of the greatest challenges facing contemporary medicine because of its high prevalence, irreversible progression, and profound impact on patients, their families, and healthcare systems. The present study aimed to analyze recent scientific advances in the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease through an integrative review of specialized literature. To achieve this objective, a qualitative analysis of scientific publications was conducted. The findings reveal a significant transformation in the diagnostic paradigm, shifting from an approach based primarily on clinical assessment to one supported by biological biomarkers, advanced neuroimaging techniques, and precision medicine strategies capable of identifying neuropathological changes during the preclinical stages of the disease. Likewise, the literature demonstrates a substantial shift in treatment approaches, moving from symptomatic management toward interventions designed to modify disease progression. Important advances were also identified in the fields of artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, precision pharmacology, and the development of innovative drug discovery platforms. Although significant challenges remain regarding biological heterogeneity, clinical efficacy, safety, accessibility, and the implementation of these innovations, the available scientific evidence indicates that the future management of Alzheimer's disease will be based on early diagnosis, molecular patient stratification, and the development of personalized therapeutic strategies capable of delaying neurodegeneration and improving clinical outcomes.
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