Breastfeeding and configuration of the infant intestinal microbiota: a multicriteria approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62452/7hwnaz92Keywords:
Breastfeeding, Gut microbiota, Dysbiosis, Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), Immune-mediated diseasesAbstract
This study applies a Multicriteria Analysis (MCA) to assess the influence of breastfeeding on the maturation and composition of the infant gut microbiota, and its association with short- and long-term health outcomes. A systematic review of 120 studies published between 2019 and 2024 across databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Cochrane was conducted, integrating quantitative and qualitative data using Expert Choice and Promethee-GAIA software. Findings indicate that exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months correlates with enhanced microbial diversity (40% increase in richness), predominance of Bifidobacterium (60–80%), and reduced colonization by pathogens like E. coli and C. difficile. Clinically, a 30% reduction in gastrointestinal infections and allergies was observed during the first year, along with a 25% lower risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood. This work underlines the importance of breastfeeding in fostering a balanced microbiota and preventing dysbiosis-related immune disorders.
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Copyright (c) 2026 María Teresa Peñaherrera-Ron, Mauro Vinicio Velasco-Muso, Abigail Margarita Chimbo-Oyaque (Autor/a)
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