Mioma cervical: anatomía y abordaje quirúrgico de alta complejidad.

Abel Agustín Estrada Paneque, María Gabriela Calle Ortiz, Graciela de Jesús Cabrera Miñán

Resumen


Los miomas uterinos constituyen la tumoración pélvica más recurrente en las féminas, estos se derivan de las células musculares lisas miometriales y tienen la posibilidad de localizarse en cualquiera de los tres componentes principales uterinos: fondo, cuerpo y cuello (cérvix). Sin embargo, representan únicamente el 5% de todos los miomas uterinos. Se expone un caso de un mioma uterino cervical con la finalidad de revisar las manifestaciones clínicas, y su manejo terapéutico, con antecedentes de salud, que acude al servicio de ginecobstetricia por aumento de volumen del abdomen, progresivo, aproximadamente de tres años de evolución, acompañado de sangrado genital y dificultad miccional. Se diagnostica tumoración dependiente de útero (cérvix) y en el transoperatorio se constata una gran tumoración con pérdida en la anatomía pélvica. La ligadura de arterias hipogástricas en los grandes miomas cervicales y gigantes resulta un recurso terapéutico eficaz para de minimizar el sangrado y sus complicaciones. Se debe tomar en cuenta la tumoración miomatosa del cuello uterino en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas abdominopélvicas. Desde el punto de vista anatómico son frecuentes las complicaciones hemorrágicas, por lo que la histerectomía total abdominal con ligadura de arterias hipogástricas constituye un buen recurso a aplicar.

Palabras clave:

Cérvix, leiomioma, histerectomía, arterias hipogástricas.

 

ABSTRACT

Uterine fibroids are the most recurrent pelvic tumor in women, these are derived from myometrial smooth muscle cells and can be located in any of the three main uterine components: fundus, body and neck (cervix). However, they represent only 5% of all uterine fibroids. A case of a cervical uterine fibroid is presented with the purpose of reviewing the clinical manifestations, and its therapeutic management, with a health history, who attends the gynecology service due to an increase in the volume of the abdomen, progressive, approximately three years of evolution, accompanied by genital bleeding and voiding difficulty. A tumor dependent on the uterus (cervix) is diagnosed and in the transoperative period a large tumor with loss in the pelvic anatomy is confirmed. The ligation of hypogastric arteries in large cervical and giant fibroids is an effective therapeutic resource to minimize bleeding and its complications. Myomatous tumor of the cervix should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of abdominopelvic masses. From the anatomical point of view, hemorrhagic complications are frequent, so total abdominal hysterectomy with ligation of the hypogastric arteries is a good resource to apply.

Keywords:

Cervix, leiomyoma, hysterectomy, hypogastric arteries.


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Referencias


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ISSN on line: 2631-2662

ISSN impreso: 2661-6521