Beneficios y barreras de la planificación anticipada de cuidados paliativos en pacientes con demencia leve. Revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62452/f9myqa26

Palabras clave:

Demencia, calidad de la atención, cuidados paliativos, planificación anticipada del cuidado

Resumen

El estudio analiza la planificación anticipada de cuidados paliativos en pacientes con demencia leve y su impacto en la calidad de la atención, la autonomía y la toma de decisiones al final de la vida. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en bases de datos como PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL y Cochrane, identificando 185 artículos y seleccionando 28 bajo la normativa PRISMA. Los resultados muestran que la planificación anticipada mejora el conocimiento del paciente, favorece el respeto a la autonomía, incrementa la participación en la toma de decisiones y fortalece la comunicación con los profesionales de salud, lo que se traduce en una mayor percepción de calidad de la atención; sin embargo, se identifican barreras sociales, económicas, institucionales, de accesibilidad y comunicación, además de limitaciones en la formación del personal y dificultades para abordar el tema con pacientes y familiares. En conclusión, la planificación anticipada del cuidado es beneficiosa, ya que promueve la autonomía, el conocimiento y la toma de decisiones, contribuyendo a una mejor calidad de los cuidados paliativos, por lo que debe implementarse de manera personalizada y centrada en el paciente y su familia.

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Referencias

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Publicado

2026-05-01

Cómo citar

Barrera-Navas, M. V., Guisha-Espinosa, M. E., & Mayorga-Núñez, V. G. (2026). Beneficios y barreras de la planificación anticipada de cuidados paliativos en pacientes con demencia leve. Revisión sistemática. Revista Metropolitana De Ciencias Aplicadas, 9(3), 237-243. https://doi.org/10.62452/f9myqa26