Potencial alelopático de especies nativas sobre arvenses en Morelos, México asociadas al cultivo del maíz

Maykel Hernández-Aro, Federico Castrejon-Ayala, Hilda E. Flores-Moctezuma, Ricardo Hernández Pérez

Resumen


El objetivo principal del estudio fue identificar plantas nativas del Estado de Morelos con potencial alelopático asociadas al cultivo del maíz, que pudieran involucrarse como estrategia Push-Pull. Extractos acuosos de treinta especies de arvenses colectadas, fueron aplicadas contra dos especies blanco, evaluadas mediante un nuevo microbioensayo sándwich en placas Elisa, en paralelo con un bioensayo en placa. Efectos sobre germinación, crecimiento radicular e hipocótilo fueron calculados. Un segundo ensayo evaluó el potencial alelopático de arvenses sobre el crecimiento de Parthenium hysterophorus bajo condiciones semicontroladas, registrándose el efecto total, interacción foliar y radicular sin barreras, competencia por cobertura e interacción radicular, para luego calcular la Interacción radicular (IR) en base al testigo. Los resultados indicaron que las dosis medias 2.5% p/v y altas 5% p/v de extractos acuosos de las arvenses Rhynchosia minima, Antigonon leptopus, Ipomoea tricolor, Ipomoea triloba, Calopogonium mucunoides, Crotalaria pumila y Ipomoea hederifolia, manifiestan actividad inhibitoria sobre la germinación y crecimiento de Amaranthus hypochondriacus y Panicum maximum. Todos los residuos inhibieron la germinación y crecimiento de las arvenses, aumentando su actividad al incrementar la dosis. Las especies con potencial alelopático, podrían ser evaluadas en un programa que involucre la estrategia Push-Pull asociadas al cultivo del maíz. Se identificaron siete especies nativas con potencial efecto alelopático mediante un protocolo rápido y económico como microbioensayo sándwich, además se comprobó las arvenses con mayor inhibición usando dos dosis de residuos, y se demostró el efecto predominante de tres especies de Convulvulaceae, en la inhibición con interacción radicular sobre arvenses.

Palabras clave:

Alelopatía, microbioensayo sándwich, inhibición, germinación, interacción radicular.

 

ABSTRACT

The main objective of the study was to identify native plants of the State of Morelos with allelopathic potential associated with the cultivation of corn, which could be involved as a Push-Pull strategy. Aqueous extracts of thirty collected weed species were applied against two white species, evaluated by a new sandwich microbioassay in Elisa plates, in parallel with a plate bioassay. Effects on germination, root growth and hypocotyl were calculated. A second trial evaluated the allelopathic potential of weeds on the growth of Parthenium hysterophorus under semi-controlled conditions, recording the total effect, foliar and root interaction without barriers, competition for cover and root interaction, to then calculate the root interaction (IR) based on the witness. The results indicated that the medium doses 2.5% w/v and high doses 5% w/v of aqueous extracts of the weeds Rhynchosia minima, Antigonon leptopus, Ipomoea tricolor, Ipomoea triloba, Calopogonium mucunoides, Crotalaria pumila and Ipomoea hederifolia, show inhibitory activity on the germination and growth of Amaranthus hypochondriacus and Panicum maximum. All the residues inhibited the germination and growth of the weeds, increasing their activity when increasing the dose. Species with allelopathic potential could be evaluated in a program that involves the Push-Pull strategy associated with maize cultivation. Seven native species with potential allelopathic effect were identified by means of a fast and economic protocol such as sandwich microbioassay, in addition, the weeds with the highest inhibition were verified using two doses of residues, and the predominant effect of three species of Convulvulaceae was illuminated, in the inhibition with interaction. root on weeds.

Keywords:

Allelopathy, sandwich microbioassay, inhibition, germination, root interaction. 


Texto completo:

PDF

Referencias


Achnine, L., Pereda-Miranda, R., Iglesias-Prieto, R., & Lotina-Hennsen B. (1998). Impairment of Photosystem II Acceptor Side of Spinach Chloroplasts Induced by Tricolorin A. In: Garab G. (eds) Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects. Springer.

Al-Rehiayani, S., & Hafez, S. (1998). Research: Host Status and Green Manure Effect of Selected Crops on Meloidogyne chitwoodi Race 2 and Pratylenchus neglectus. Nematropica 28, 213-230.

Anaya, A. L., Hernández-Bautista, B. E., Pelayo-Benavides, H. R., Calera, M., & Fernández-Luiselli, E. (1995). Allelopathy in Mexican plants: More recent studies. Allelopathy. Chapter 17 pp 224-241. ACS Symposium Series, 582.

Bàrberi, P. (2004). Métodos preventivos y culturales para el manejo de malezas. En, R. Labrada, (Ed), Manejo de malezas para países en desarrollo (Addendum I). (pp.197-213). FAO.

Basinger, R. (2017). American Joinvetch. QDMA, Quality Deer Management Association. https://www.qdma.com/american-jointvetch/

Belgeri, A., & Adkins, S. W. (2015). Allelopathic potential of invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) seedlings on grassland species in Australia. Allelopathy Journal, 36(1-2). 1-14.

Farooq, M., Jabran, K., Cheema, Z.A., Wahid, A., & Siddique, K.H. (2011). The role of allelopathy in agricultural pest management. Pest management science, 67(5), 493-506.

Fujii, Y., Parvez, S. S., Parvez, M. M., Ohmae, Y., & Lida, O. (2003). Screening of 239 medicinal plant species for allelopathic activity using the sandwich method. Weed Biol. Manage, 3, 233-241.

Hernández, M., Hernández, R., & Guillen, D. (2015). New micro bioassay sandwich to detection allelopathic activity from Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, (3-4), 45-48.

Hernández-Terrones, M. G., do Nascimento, E. A., de Morais, S. A. L., Chang, R., Andrade, G. A., Santos, D. Q., & Pereira, B. H. A. (2009). Allelopathic potencial of Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) on Panicum maximum seeds. (Ponencia). XII Congresso da Sociedad Española de Malherbologia. Lisboa, Portugal.

Ishak, M. S., Ain, M. N., Sahid, I., & Mardiana-Jansar, K. (2021). Allelopathic screening of Malaysian noxious weeds and several medicinal plants as potential alleloherbicides. Journal of Environmental Biology, 42, 762-774.

Kapoor, D., Tiwari, A., Sehgal, A., Landi, M., Brestic, M., & Sharma, A. (2019). Exploiting the allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf extracts of Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava against Parthenium hysterophorus, a Widespread Weed in India. Plants, 8(12).

Kim, K.U., & Shin, D.H. (2004). La importancia de la alelopatía en la obtención de nuevos cultivares. En, R. Labrada, (Ed.), Manejo de malezas para países en desarrollo, (Addendum I). FAO.

Kokalis-Burelle, N., & Rosskopf, E. N., (2012). Susceptibility of several common subtropical weeds to Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. J. Nematol., 44 (2), 142-147.

Kumar, T., Bishwas, A. J., Khare, P. K., &Garg, N. (2021). Invasive alien flora of tropical dry deciduous forest of Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, Central India. Indian Journal of Ecology, 48(1), 219-225.

Miranda-Arámbula, M., Reyes-Chilpa, R., and Anaya L, A. L. (2021). Phytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of ruderal plants and its potential application to tomato crop. Botanical Sciences, 99(3), 487-498.

Narwal, S.S. (1996). Suggested methodology for allelopathy laboratory bioassay. Allelopathy: Field Observation and Methology. Joudpur, India: Scientific Publisher, 1, 255-266.

Nodza, G., Anthony, R., Onuminya, T., & Ogundipe, O. (2021). Floristic Studies on Herbaceous and Grass Species Growing in the University of Lagos, Nigeria. Tanzania Journal of Science, 47(1), 80-90.

Pereda-Miranda, R., Mata, R., Anaya, A. L., Wickramaratne, D. B., Pezzuto, J. M., Kinghorn, A. D., & Tricolorin, A. (1993). Major phytogrowth inhibitor from Ipomoea tricolor. J Nat Prod., 56 (4), 571-82.

Rhoades, H. L. (1980). Relative susceptibility of Tagetes patula and Aeschynomene americana to plant nematodes in Florida. Nematropica, 10(2),116-120.

Scavo, A., Pandino, G., Restuccia, A., & Mauromicale, G. (2020). Leaf extracts of cultivated cardoon as potential bioherbicide. Scientia Horticulturae, 261(2).


Enlaces refback

  • No hay ningún enlace refback.


Licencia de Creative Commons
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional.

ISSN on line: 2631-2662

ISSN impreso: 2661-6521